446 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
446 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
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.. _glossary:
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Glossary
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========
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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.. glossary::
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.htaccess
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the default name of Apache's directory-level configuration file.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.htaccess>
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ACL
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Access Control List
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Blowfish
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a keyed, symmetric block cipher, designed in 1993 by `Bruce Schneier <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Schneier>`_.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blowfish_(cipher)>
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Browser
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a software application that enables a user to display and interact with text, images, and other information typically located on a web page at a website on the World Wide Web.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browser>
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bzip2
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a free software/open-source data compression algorithm and program developed by Julian Seward.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bzip2>
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CGI
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Common Gateway Interface is an important World Wide Web technology that
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enables a client web browser to request data from a program executed on
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the web server.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Gateway_Interface>
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Changelog
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a log or record of changes made to a project.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Changelog>
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Client
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a computer system that accesses a (remote) service on another computer by some kind of network.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Client_(computing)>
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column
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a set of data values of a particularly simple type, one for each row of the table.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column_(database)>
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Cookie
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a packet of information sent by a server to a World Wide Web browser and then sent back by the browser each time it accesses that server.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_cookie>
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CSV
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Comma-separated values
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values>
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DB
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look at :term:`Database`
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Database
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an organized collection of data.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database>
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Engine
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look at :term:`Storage Engines`
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PHP extension
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a PHP module that extends PHP with additional functionality.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_extension>
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FAQ
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Frequently Asked Questions is a list of commonly asked question and their
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answers.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FAQ>
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Field
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one part of divided data/columns.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_(computer_science)>
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Foreign key
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a column or group of columns in a database row that points to a key column
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or group of columns forming a key of another database row in some
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(usually different) table.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_key>
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GD
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Graphics Library by Thomas Boutell and others for dynamically manipulating images.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GD_Graphics_Library>
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GD2
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look at :term:`GD`
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GZip
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GZip is short for GNU zip, a GNU free software file compression program.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gzip>
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host
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any machine connected to a computer network, a node that has a hostname.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Host_(network)>
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hostname
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the unique name by which a network-attached device is known on a network.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hostname>
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HTTP
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Hypertext Transfer Protocol is the primary method used to transfer or
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convey information on the World Wide Web.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HyperText_Transfer_Protocol>
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HTTPS
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a :term:`HTTP`-connection with additional security measures.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTPS>
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IEC
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International Electrotechnical Commission
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IIS
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Internet Information Services is a set of internet-based services for
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servers using Microsoft Windows.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Information_Services>
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Index
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a feature that allows quick access to the rows in a table.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_index>
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IP
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"Internet Protocol" is a data-oriented protocol used by source and
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destination hosts for communicating data across a packet-switched
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internetwork.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol>
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IP Address
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a unique number that devices use in order to identify and communicate with each other on a network utilizing the Internet Protocol standard.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_Address>
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IPv6
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IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) is the latest revision of the
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Internet Protocol (:term:`IP`), designed to deal with the
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long-anticipated problem of its predecessor IPv4 running out of addresses.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6>
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ISAPI
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Internet Server Application Programming Interface is the API of Internet Information Services (IIS).
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Server_Application_Programming_Interface>
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ISP
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An Internet service provider is a business or organization that offers users
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access to the Internet and related services.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_service_provider>
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ISO
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International Standards Organization
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.. seealso:: `ISO organization website <https://www.iso.org/about-us.html>`_
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization>
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JPEG
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a most commonly used standard method of lossy compression for photographic images.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG>
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JPG
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look at :term:`JPEG`
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Key
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look at :term:`Index`
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LATEX
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a document preparation system for the TeX typesetting program.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaTeX>
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Mac
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Apple Macintosh is a line of personal computers designed, developed, manufactured, and marketed by Apple Inc.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh>
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macOS
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the operating system which is included with all currently shipping Apple Macintosh computers in the consumer and professional markets.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacOS>
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mbstring
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The PHP `mbstring` functions provide support for languages represented by multi-byte character sets, most notably UTF-8.
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If you have troubles installing this extension, please follow :ref:`faqmysql`, it provides useful hints.
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.. seealso:: <https://www.php.net/manual/en/book.mbstring.php>
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Media type
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A media type (formerly known as MIME type) is a two-part identifier
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for file formats and format contents transmitted on the Internet.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_type>
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MIME
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Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions is
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an Internet Standard for the format of e-mail.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIME>
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module
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modular extension for the Apache HTTP Server httpd.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server>
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mod_proxy_fcgi
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an Apache module implementing a Fast CGI interface; PHP can be run as a CGI module, FastCGI, or
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directly as an Apache module.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod_proxy>
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MySQL
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a multithreaded, multi-user, SQL (Structured Query Language) Database Management System (DBMS).
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQL>
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MySQLi
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the improved MySQL client PHP extension.
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.. seealso:: `PHP manual for MySQL Improved Extension <https://www.php.net/manual/en/book.mysqli.php>`_
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQLi>
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mysql
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the MySQL client PHP extension.
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.. seealso:: <https://www.php.net/manual/en/book.mysql.php>
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OpenDocument
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an open standard for office documents.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument>
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OS X
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look at :term:`macOS`.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacOS>
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PDF
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Portable Document Format is a file format developed by Adobe Systems for
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representing two-dimensional documents in a device-independent and
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resolution-independent format.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF>
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PEAR
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the PHP Extension and Application Repository.
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.. seealso:: `PEAR website <https://pear.php.net/>`_
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.. seealso:: `Wikipedia page for PEAR <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PEAR>`_
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PCRE
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Perl-Compatible Regular Expressions is the Perl-compatible regular
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expression functions for PHP
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.. seealso:: <https://www.php.net/pcre>
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.. seealso:: `PHP manual for Perl-Compatible Regular Expressions <https://www.php.net/pcre>`_
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl_Compatible_Regular_Expressions>
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PHP
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short for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor", is an open-source, reflective
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programming language used mainly for developing server-side applications
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and dynamic web content, and more recently, a broader range of software
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applications.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP>
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port
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a connection through which data is sent and received.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_(computer_networking)>
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primary key
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A primary key is an index over one or more fields in a table with
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unique values for every single row in this table. Every table should have
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a primary key for easier accessing/identifying data in this table. There
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can only be one primary key per table and it is named always **PRIMARY**.
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In fact, a primary key is just an :term:`unique key` with the name
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**PRIMARY**. If no primary key is defined MySQL will use first *unique
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key* as primary key if there is one.
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You can create the primary key when creating the table (in phpMyAdmin
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just check the primary key radio buttons for each field you wish to be
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part of the primary key).
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You can also add a primary key to an existing table with `ALTER` `TABLE`
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or `CREATE` `INDEX` (in phpMyAdmin you can just click on 'add index' on
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the table structure page below the listed fields).
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RFC
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Request for Comments (RFC) documents are a series of memoranda
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encompassing new research, innovations, and methodologies applicable to
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Internet technologies.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Request_for_Comments>
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RFC 1952
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GZIP file format specification version 4.3
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.. seealso:: :rfc:`1952`
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Row (record, tuple)
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represents a single, implicitly structured data item in a table.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Row_(database)>
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Server
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a computer system that provides services to other computing systems over a network.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_(computing)>
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Sodium
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The Sodium PHP extension.
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.. seealso:: `PHP manual for Sodium extension <https://www.php.net/manual/en/book.sodium.php>`_
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Storage Engines
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MySQL can use several different formats for storing data on disk, these
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are called storage engines or table types. phpMyAdmin allows a user to
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change their storage engine for a particular table through the operations
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tab.
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Common table types are InnoDB and MyISAM, though many others exist and
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may be desirable in some situations.
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.. seealso:: `MySQL doc chapter about Alternative Storage Engines <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/storage-engines.html>`_
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_engine>
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socket
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a form of inter-process communication.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_domain_socket>
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SSL
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Secure Sockets Layer, (now superseded by TLS) is a cryptographic protocol
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which provides secure communication on the Internet.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security>
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Stored procedure
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a subroutine available to applications accessing a relational database system
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stored_procedure>
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SQL
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Structured Query Language
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL>
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table
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a set of data elements (cells) that is organized, defined and stored as
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horizontal rows and vertical columns where each item can be uniquely
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identified by a label or key or by its position in relation to other
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items.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_(database)>
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tar
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a type of archive file format, from "Tape Archive".
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tar_(computing)>
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TCP
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Transmission Control Protocol is one of the core protocols of the
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Internet protocol suite.
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.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protocol_suite>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
TCPDF
|
||
|
|
PHP library to generate PDF files.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. seealso:: <https://tcpdf.org/>
|
||
|
|
.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCPDF>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
trigger
|
||
|
|
a procedural code that is automatically executed in response to certain events on a particular table or view in a database
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_trigger>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
unique key
|
||
|
|
A unique key is an index over one or more fields in a table which has a
|
||
|
|
unique value for each row. The first unique key will be treated as
|
||
|
|
:term:`primary key` if there is no *primary key* defined.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
URL
|
||
|
|
Uniform Resource Locator is a sequence of characters, conforming to a
|
||
|
|
standardized format, that is used for referring to resources, such as
|
||
|
|
documents and images on the Internet, by their location.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Web server
|
||
|
|
A computer (program) that is responsible for accepting HTTP requests from clients and serving them web pages.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_server>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
XML
|
||
|
|
Extensible Markup Language is a W3C-recommended general-purpose markup
|
||
|
|
language for creating special-purpose markup languages, capable of
|
||
|
|
describing many different kinds of data.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
ZIP
|
||
|
|
a popular data compression and archival format.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zip_(file_format)>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Zlib
|
||
|
|
an open-source, cross-platform data compression library by `Jean-loup Gailly <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Loup_Gailly>`_ and `Mark Adler <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Adler>`_.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zlib>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Content Security Policy
|
||
|
|
The HTTP `Content-Security-Policy` response header allows web site administrators
|
||
|
|
to control resources the user agent is allowed to load for a given page.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_Security_Policy>
|
||
|
|
.. seealso:: <https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/HTTP/CSP>
|